Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Healthcare Workers of Trinidad and Tobago During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Shivananda, Pradeep Kumar Sahu, Koomatie Ramsaroop, Shivanand Maharaj, William Mootoo, Sharaz Khan, and Rian Marie Extravour. International Archives of Health Sciences 8 (3): 212. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Burden and the Pattern of Hospitalization from COVID-19 Unrelated Illnesses among Children in Barbados–A Preliminary Report from an Ongoing Study. Kumar, Alok, Janine Taitt, and Prerna Singh. International Journal of Child Health and Human Development 14 (1): 73–80. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Care at an Ambulatory Health Center in Barbados. Kumar, Alok, Prerna Singh, and Richa Sharma. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 17 (2): 92–109. Mental Health and COVID-19 Perceptions in a Predominant Black Population in the Eastern Caribbean: An Exploratory Study of Residents of Barbados. Health and Social Care in the Community 30 (5): 1818–1826. Taxi Drivers and COVID-19 in Jamaica: Occupationally Related Income Decline and Health Behaviour. James, Kenneth, Camelia Thompson, Cameal Chin-Bailey, Kayon Donaldson Davis, Dawn Walters, and Desmalee Holder Nevins. In Limbo: Survey of Impact of COVID-19 on Venezuelan Migrants in Trinidad and Tobago. Finally, the chapter aims to explore ways in which these correlates can be mitigated. It will then systematically review published work from the English-speaking Caribbean to examine empirical evidence linking the risk of child abuse, neglect, and trauma with the myriad psychosocial issues that have emerged as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter aims to discuss previously published research on the correlates of ACEs globally and within the Caribbean. However, there is a dearth of complied research on the ways in which the effects of ACEs can be mediated within the Caribbean. While ACEs have significant and long-term consequences, especially during times of scarcity and emotional upheaval, effective interventions to mitigate their effects have been developed. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 29 (4): 549–552, 2020). Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 12 (S1): S199, 2020 Usher et al., Family Violence and COVID-19: Increased Vulnerability and Reduced Options for Support. Psychiatry research 290: 113117, 2020 Kofman and Garfin, Home is not Always a Haven: The Domestic Violence Crisis amid the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Lancet Psychiatry 7 (5): 389–390, 2020 Killgore et al., Loneliness: A Signature Mental Health Concern in the Era of COVID-19. Many of the risk factors associated with ACEs, such as family violence, social isolation, mental health dysfunction and unemployment have increased or become exacerbated with the COVID-19 pandemic (Kawohl and Nordt, COVID-19, Unemployment, and Suicide. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 50 (3): 344–352, 2016 Kessler et al., Childhood Adversities and Adult Psychopathology in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. 10: e517–e528, 2019 Campbell et al., Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences, High-risk Behaviors, and Morbidity in Adulthood. ACEs have long been related to psychological and physical dysfunction in adulthood, and as a result, they have significant economic costs (Bellis et al., Life Course Health Consequences and Associated Annual Costs of Adverse Childhood Experiences Across Europe and North America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 50 (3): 344–352, 20b). Paediatrics and Child Health 28 (3): 132–137, 2018 Campbell et al., Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences, High-risk Behaviors, and Morbidity in Adulthood. “Adverse childhood experiences” (ACEs) is a term which is used to encompass any potentially traumatic events that occur during childhood, including abuse, neglect, and household dysfunctions which affect the child’s sense of safety (Boullier and Blair, Adverse Childhood Experiences.
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